Sengoliloeng sena se bua haholo ka mokhoa oa thibelo ea antimicrobia oa surminicrism ea surminicbaria ea surmini, e lebelloang e atleha ho bolaea libaktheria le ho fana ka thuso e itseng ho theola li-coronavisus tse ncha.
Surftactant, eo e leng ho ts'oaroa ha maele a bophara, e mafolofolo le agent. Li-surfactats ke lintho tse sebetsang libakeng tse nang le meeli ebile li na le bokhoni bo phahameng haholo (moeli) oa ho fokotsa lilibeng tse kaholimo-limo. Matla a hohelang a nang le ho anyeha hamonate, ho kenyelletsa maemo a ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetsong tsa ho ntlafatsa lits'ebetsong tsa ho ntlafatsa metsamao ea lik'hemik'hale, le katleho e ntseng e eketseha. Ka nts'etsopele ea sechaba le tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea boemo ba indasteri e hasang ho tloha libakeng tse fapaneng tsa moruo oa naha, e tsoang ho li-agings tsa lijo, kalafo e mecha le li-billitant translace.
Metsoako e tloaelehileng ea sebaka ke "ampiHhlic" lihlopha tsa polar hydrophilic le lihlopha tsa hang-hang tsa hydrophobic, 'me meaho ea tsona ea lisele e bontšoa ho setšoantšo sa 1 (a).
Hajoale, ho ntšemisoa ke ntlafatso indasteri ea indasteri ea tlhahiso, tlhoko ea lisebelisoa tsa ho beha limela butle-butle e ntse e eketseha le ho ntlafatsa libaka tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa. Ho sibolloa ha litoeba tsa Gemini li phallela likheo tsena 'me li kopana le litlhoko tsa tlhahiso ea indasteri. Sebaka se tloaelehileng sa Gemini ke motsoako o nang le li-hydrophilic tse peli kapa li-iinic kapa li sa rateheng tsa hydrophilic.
Joalokaha ho bonts'itsoe ho setšoantšo sa 1 (b), ho fapana le li-surfactats tse tloaelehileng, surmini Surfactats tse ling li hokahanya lihlopha tse peli tsa li-hydrophilic li hokahanya. Ka bokhutšoanyane, sebopeho sa sebaka sa gemini se ka utloisisoa joalo ka ha thetsoang hloohong ea li-hydrophphilic e 'meli ea hydrophlic hammoho le sehlopha sa meeli.
Sebopeho se khethehileng sa surmini sa gemini se lebisa ho ts'ebetsong ea eona e matla, e lokelang ho bakoa haholo ke:
(1) Tšusumetso e ntlafalitsoeng ea hydrophobic ea hydrophobic ea hydrophobic
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Sebaka sa marang-rang se na le tšebetso e phahameng (moeli) Ka hona, nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea sebaka sa gemini se bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea li-surfactats.
"Amphlahhilic sebopeho" sa li-surfashene tse tloaelehileng li ba fa melemo e ikhethang ea lefatše. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 1 (c), ha sebaka se tloaelehileng se eketsoa ka metsing, sehlopha sa hlooho sa hydrophilic se batla ho qhala ka thata ka lebaka la senokoane sa limela ka metsing. Tlas'a matla a kopaneng ho mekhoa ee e kopaneng, limolek'hule tsa limela li matlafatsoa ka har'a sebopeho sa khase ea khase 'me ho feta tokisetso e hlophisehileng, ka ho etsa joalo a fokotsa tsitsipano ea metsi. Ho fapana le lintho tse tloaelehileng tsa Genical, Geminini li "ba ratang" tse lumellanang le Lihlopheng tsa Spanr, tse ka fokotsang likhohlano tsa metsi le oli / metsi a sa feleng. Ntle le moo, sebaka sa marang-rang sa Gemini se na le litlolo tse hlokellang tsa 'mala o boima, litlhōrō tsa metsi tsa metsi, tse thata, tse fofang le likotsi tsa antibacter le lipula tse kolobileng le tse kolotang le tse atisang ho koloba le ho kolobisa Metsing le along.
| Kenyelletso ea Surfatats ea Gemini Ka 1991, Nomier le Liring le Lipkyl Chain. Ka selemo se le seng, zana e fihla letoto la ammonium ea quaterry a ammonium ea letsoai le surficats ka lekhetlo la pele mme e etselitsoe ka tatellano ea letoto la ammonium ea letsoai la quminium ea letsoai. 1996, bafuputsi ba fetotsoe 'me ba buisana ka boitšoaro (moeli) oa mahlahahlaha, matloana a mahlahahlaha, boits'oaro ba tharollo bo fapaneng le sebaka se tloaelehileng sa gumicta. Ka 2002, Zaka [15] Hamorao, Qiu et al, Qiu e qapile mokhoa o mocha oa li-syntthesis tsa Surnthets tse khethehileng tse nang le meaho e khethehileng e thehiloeng ho li-synthesis tsa gemini li tsamaellanang le ho feta. |
Patlisiso mabapi le li-surnica li-surfactats tsa gemini ho China li ile tsa qala ka mor'a nako; Ka 1999, Jianxi Zhao Zhao ea Univesithing ea fuzhou o ile a etsa tlhahlobo ea tsamaiso ea lipatlisiso tsa kantle ho lefatše 'me a hohela tlhokomelo ea litheo tse ngata tsa lipatlisiso Chaena. Ka mor'a moo, lipatlisiso tse mabapi le litoeba tsa Gemini tse Chaniase Chaena li ile tsa qala ho atleha le ho li fumana litholoana. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, bafuputsi ba ile ba ikarola ho nts'etsopele ea sistimi e ncha ea Gemini le thuto ea thepa ea bona e amanang le 'mele. Ka nako e ts'oanang, likopo tsa libaka tsa horemini tsa Gemini li hlahisitsoe butle-butle libakeng tsa sterilization le ho ts'oaroa butle le ho hloekisa butle-butle. Ho ipapisitsoe le hore na lihlopha tsa hydrophilic li qosoa kapa che, lieta tsa lefatše li ka aroloa, ka tlhaho ea Geminic Geminic Geminic Geminic Genicre. Har'a bona, maxic Gemini Surfactats ka kakaretso ka kakaretso kapa ammonity sirfactic afmini e bua haholo ka li-sweenic tsa gemini haholo tsa gemini.
1.1 Cationic genic gemini surfactats
Caic Gemini Surfessansm e ka khetha litimamente tse telele, haholo-holo ammonium le ammonium ea letsoai la gemini. CationIC Gemini Surfactats e na le phepelo e ntle ea biodegradation, e leng karohano e bonolo, sebopeho se bonolo, sebopeho se bonolo, maikutlo a bonolo, antisistic.
Li-ammonium tsa li-ammonium tsa letsoai tsa Gemini tse thehiloeng letsoai li hlophisitsoe ho tsoa ho li-aminary tsa tertiary ka mokhoa o makatsang. Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli ea bohlokoa ea mantlha e latelang: E' ngoe ke ho qobella Alkane ea Alkyo-e senang nako e telele ea li-alkyyl e telele. E 'ngoe ke ho tsitsisa halelele 1-bromo-stituditudsitided Leha ho le joalo, li-alkane tse nkileng Dibromo - li theko e phahameng haholo 'me li entsoe ka tloaelo ka mokhoa oa bobeli, mme equation equation e bontšoa ho setšoantšo sa 2.
1.2 Anionic Gemini Surfactats
Li-sulfatian tsa Anionic Gemini tse ka tšoarelang li-anion tse telele, haholo-holo sulfonates, boholo ba sulftates, li letsoai tsa carboxlates le lilphate. Li-surfyants tsa Anionic li na le thepa e ntle e kang ho tšoloha, thetso, ho hasanya, ho hlonepha le ho koloba le ho lahleha le basomi.
1.2.1 sulfnates
Biosurfate e Thehiloeng ho SulFonate e na le melemo ea seli se setle, mocheso o motle, mocheso o bonolo, mocheso o matla oa ho ahoa, ho na le litšila Li le ho li-acid tse ncha tsa dialkylic acid, mofuta o tloaelehileng oa Trikloramine, ea alimang le taurine e le thepa e tala ka tsela e itseng.
1.2.2 Sulfate Salfate
Li-telfte Ester e bobebe li fepa habeli tsa lijalo tsa Ultra-tse tlase, tšebetso e matla, mohloli o motle oa metsi a thata. E boetse e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho hlatsoa le ho ba le bokhoni bo matla, tšoaetso e tsitsitseng, se bohlokoa ka metsing a thata, le letsoai la sulfate ha le nke lehlakore. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe Setšoantšong sa 3, Sueng e le ho sebelisoa la seriti le polyethylene Glycol joalo ka lisebelisoa tsa sehlooho tsa SULFATION.
1.2.3 Mail acid acid ea acid
Li-virboxxxxylate li ipapisitse le li-ghimini hangata li bonolo, tse tala ebile li jala thepa e ngata, masela, lik'hemik'hale, lik'hemik'hale tse ntle le masimo a mang. Ho hlahisoa ha lihlopha tsa moamohero li-biosurmant tse thehiloeng ka har'a carboxylate ho ka ntlafatsa biolocules tsa selika-likoe ebile li etsa hore li kolobisitsoe hantle, e tsubang le tsa ho hasanya le thepa ea ho baka. Mei et Al e lumellana le li-cgs tsa carboxy ea li-craryonc tse thehiloeng ho li-carboxx.
1.2.4 Phoesphate sally
Phosphate ester mofuta oa letsoai la Gemini o na le sebopeho se tšoanang le lifoto tsa tlhaho mme li tloaetse ho theha meaho ea li-micelles le li-vesicles tse fapaneng. Phosphate ester mofuta oa letsoai la Genicta o sebelisoang haholo joalo ka baetsi ba bona ba kokoana-hloko le ho teneha ka mokhoa o fokolang ba lebisitse tlhokomelong ea bona ea letlalo. Baharesi ba itseng ba Pessphate, mahlomola le athehi e 'meli ea ho etsoa. Ho na le letsoai la letsoai la phosphate Zheng Et al e utloile bohloko ba li-frathante e tlolo ea tsoekere ho p2opos le e ntle ea khatello ea maikutlo le maemo a bonolo a ho ala. Foromo ea limolek'hule ea potasiamo ea Popumum Plassium Surficantant e bontšoa Setšoantšong sa 4.
1.3 Jus-Ionic Gorfactats
Li-surielic tsa geminic Geminini li ke ke tsa kheloha tharollo ea ho lemala le ho ba teng ka foromo ea limolek'hule. Mofuta ona oa mofuta oa barsiac o sa ithute ho fihlela joale, 'me ho na le mefuta e' meli, e 'ngoe ke tsoekere e tsoang tsoekere le e' ngoe ke lefu la tsoekere le Phethul ether le Phenel ether le Phenol Ether. Tsebini tsa litoene tsa Geminic ha li teng tikolohong ea Ionic ka tharollo, kahoo ba tsilatsila motlakase, ba na le moea o motle oa mefuta e meng ea ho ajoa, 'me ba na le litsie tse ntle. Ka hona, litšitiso tse ling tse neng li sa tsilatsile li fana ka maikutlo a fapaneng, ho senyeha, ho foqoha, ho foqoha, thepa ea khale, 'me e ka sebelisoa haholo ka likokonyana tse bolaeang likokoanyana. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 5, ka 2004, Fitzgerald et al e hlahisoang polyoxeethylene
Thepa ea physicochemical ea surmini ea gemini
2.1 Ts'ebetso ea surmini ea Gemini
Tsela e bonolo le e tobileng ka ho fetisisa ea ho lekola tšebetso ea ho hola ke ho lekanya khohlano ea metsi a eona ea litharollo tsa hae. Ka molao, sebaka sa marang-rang se fokotsa khatello ea metsi ea tharollo ka tokisetso ea moea holim 'a sepheo (moeli) Sefofane sa 1 (c)). Ho tsepamisatsoa thepa e bohlokoa (cmc) ea surmini ho feta litaelo tse peli tsa boholo bo fokolang le boleng ba c20 bo tlase haholo ha bo bapisoa le li-surfacerts tse tloaelehileng. Molecutangant molacule e na le lihlopha tse peli tsa hydrophilic tse thusang ho boloka liketane tse telele tsa metsi. Sebakeng sa metsi / moea, likokoana-hloko tse tloaelehileng li hlophisitsoe hantle ka lebaka la phello ea sebaka sa Spalial le ho hlakoloa ha liqoso tsa limolek'hule, kahoo li fokolisa bokhoni ba bona ba ho fokotsa metsi a mangata. Ho fapana le hoo, lihlopha tse hokahanyang tsa Gemini li hokahantsoe le hore na li-hydrophphilic li bolokiloe nakong ea li-hydrophphilic tsa li-hydrophphilic.
2.2 Sebopeho sa Kopano sa Gemini Surfactats
Tharollo ea metsi a phofo, joalo ka ha khatello ea limela e phahame, limolek'hule tsa eona li tiile bokantle ba tharollo ea tharollo ea tharollo. Ho tsepamisa mohopolo boo ho bona hore nare e qala ho theha li-micelles ho bitsoa MICELLE ho hlohlona hammoho le MICENE. Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ho Setšoantšo sa 9, kamora ho tsepamisa mohopolo o moholo ho CMC, ho fapana le meaho ea litoene ea Gemini le bipang e le 'ngoe. Phapang ea boholo ba Micelle, sebopeho le khatello ea maikutlo e na le tšusumetso e tobileng mabapi le boitšoaro ba boitšoaro le merero ea litšōmo ea tharollo. Hangata libaka tse tloaelehileng tsa ho sesa, tse kang marulelo a leholimo (li-SDS) hangata li theha lithoko tsa seriti, tse se li sa thelleha ho pono ea tharollo. Leha ho le joalo, sebopeho se ikhethang sa sebaka sa litoene sa Gemini se lebisa ho sephetho sa Micelle MorPology le thepa ea tharollo ea bona e fapaneng. Litaba tsa litharo tsa metsi a leoatle tsa Gemini lia eketseha ka khatello e ntseng e eketseha, mohlomong hobane li kamerewar ligi le ligiesaar ligi le ligiere limisoa ka har'a 'mino o kang oa marang-rang. Leha ho le joalo, pono ea tharollo e fokotseha ka khatello e matla ea potoloho ea potoloho ea sebopeho sa marang-rang le ho thehoa ha meaho e meng ea litoeki.
03 thepa ea antimtrobial ea surmini ea gemini
E le mofuta oa moemeli oa maemiticrobiabiabia-mmatibi oa likokonyana ea sethala sa barmincic ke lisele tse nang le lisenthimithara tse sulfhhdryl ho thibela lisele tsa bona tsa lisenthimithara tse thibelang kapa li bolaea likokoana-hloko.
3.1 LITLHAKISO TSA BOTSOALLE EA TEMONIC Gemini Surfactats
Mesebetsi ea Maiketsetso ea likokoana-hloko tsa anticictrobia e khethoa haholo ka mofuta oa mefuta ea Maindicrobiaminiki e tsamaellanang. Ka litharollo tsa colloidal joalo ka liemahale tsa tlhaho le makhapetla a hydrophilic o tlamahantsoe ke aspicer ea metsi, kahoo o fetola phetoho ea mekhahlelo ea mekhahlelo e 'meli ea limoleke. Lihlopha tsa baktheria tse sa thibeloang ho sekaka sena se sirelletsang se sirelletsang se thibela kholo ea libaktheria.
Mochine oa thibelo ea baktheria ea li-surfactats tsa Anionic e fapane hole le ea litlolo tsa koluoa. Ho thibela baktheria sa li-surfactats tsa anionic ho amana le sistimi ea tsona le lihlopha tsa thibelo, ka hona, mofuta ona oa limela o ka lekanngoa. Mofuta ona oa sistimi o tlameha ho ba teng maemong a lekaneng e le hore sethala se se nang moeli e le teng k'honeng e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea sistimi ho hlahisa phello e ntle ea microbicinidal. Ka nako e ts'oanang, mofuta ona oa limela o haelloa ke sebaka le ho hlasela, o sa hlokeng litšila tse sa hlokahaleng, empa o boetse o baka ho hanyetsa nako e telele.
Ka mohlala, Biosurfate e thehiloeng ho Alikur e thehiloeng ho clinical. Alkyl sulfoates, e kang Busful le Trelousfan, haholoholo ho hlahisa litso tsa 'mele, tse etsang hore ho be le ho fetoloa ha lilibano, ho fella ka lefu la sele, e felileng lefu la sele.
3.2 Thepa ea li-antimicro ea li-armic-gemic gemic gemini
Mofuta oa mantlha oa sebaka sa polokelo ea toropo o thehiloe ke ammonium ea letsoai a ammonium ea letsoai lieta tsa Gemini. Li-moymoni tsa Quater tsa Ammonium Toedic Towfonoeng li na le matla a malelele a bocmonical a malelele a mofuta oa ammonic Ka nako e ts'oanang, li na le li-nou tsa naktheria tse phetisetsong tse nang le limolek'hule tsa 'mala oa limela, tse fapaneng, tse isang pherekano ea libaktherium, ho Ho eketsoa ka lihlotšoana tsa hydrophilic ho ea protheine, e lebisang degree ea enzyme le ho etsa hore fungacide e na le tšusumetso e matla ea boktheri.
Leha ho le joalo, ho tsoa ponong ea litoka tsa tikoloho, lintho tsena tse mpe li na le khatello ea maikutlo le mokhoa o makatsang oa ho ikoetlisa le nako ea ho ikopanya le biodegradadadadadada e le ho eketsa chefo ea bona.
3.3 Thepa ea li-antibacterial tsa li-surielic tsa geminic Geminic
Hajoale ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea li-surfonots tse peli tsa surlicic, e' ngoe ke lino tse tahang tsa tsoekere le e 'ngoe le lefu la tsoekere le Phenel ether.
Mokhoa oa likokoana-hloko oa li-biosurcatical o nkiloeng ka li-biosurcatical o ipapisitse le ho ikamahanya le limolek'hule tsa limolek'hule le tse nkiloeng liaparo tsa tsoekere, tse nang le palo e kholo ea phospholids. Ha leqeba la tsoekere litseleng tsa tsoekere le fihla maemong a itseng, e fetola liteishene tsa motlakase, tse etsang hore ho be le likhatiso tsa mela le li-Iona.
Mechanism ea antibacterial ea bo-'ma-e-'ma-e-'ma-e-'ma le nohang ba ho nka khato ea sele kapa selefouno, ho thibela mesebetsi ea metabolic le ho senya mesebetsi ea bocha. Mohlala, lithethefatsi tsa bo-ramahlale ba dipecll le lisepa tsa bona) li kolobisitsoe ka har'a lerako le liprotheine tse amanang le li-acike tsa nyutlelie, li thibela kholo le liprotheine tsa libaktheria. E boetse e holofatsa mesebetsi ea metabolic le phefumoloho ea li-enjene tsa enzneme ka nako eo.
3.4 Thepa ea Amphoecterial of Amphoe Greftants
Amoptorators Gemini ke sehlopha sa likopano tse mpe tse nang le lilibulong tsa moo, li ka tiisa hore thepa e atile maemong a mang a bohareng. Mokhoa oa ho linyeoe tsa baktheria oa li-surfateric litsietsi ha li tšoanelehe ka holim'a bokaholimo ba ammonians, moo ho thibelang metabolism ea maiketsetso.
3.4.1 Meruti ea amitictrorial ea amino acid gemini
Amino acid mofuta oa li-aminociant ke seretse se nang le bothata ba atinocic se entsoe ka setifi sa li-amitino acid, kahoo mokhoa oa eona oa khale oa Ammonimius o tšoana le oa mofuta oa ammonimius o tšoanang le oa ammonium ea letsoai la Ammonium. Karolo e ntle ea hore sethala e khahloa ke karolo e potlakileng ea bacterial kapa ea vaerase e tlamang bili e halikiloeng, 'me ka mor'a moo e tlama ka har'a li-clolic ha li-hydrophone le lysis ho fihlela lefung. E na le melemo ea bohlokoa lipakeng tsa li-ammonium tse thehiloeng ho Ammonium: Ts'ebetso e Bonolo ea Biomoni
3.4.2 Thepa ea litlhare tsa antibacterial ea mofuta o sa amino amino acino areini
Mofuta oa mofuta oa Amino Amino Aminotic Amino Steater Amit Mofuta o ka sehloohong eo e seng oa Amino acino aremini ke mofuta oa marang-rang, IImazoline le Amine oxide. Ho nka mofuta oa betaine, mofuta oa mofuta oa Betaine o nang le liliba tsa bona tsa acidic le tsa almanine Alkaline Tharollo. E boetse e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea likotoana le mefuta e meng ea li-surfactats.
04 sephetho le pono
Lits'ebetso tsa gemini li sebelisoa le ho feta bophelong ka lebaka la sebopeho sa tsona se khethehileng, tlhahiso ea lijo, ho thibela lipalesa butle-butle le ho hloekisa liphate. Ka tlhoko e ntseng e eketseha ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho e tala, sebaka sa ho lebala sa Gemini se entsoe ka thata le ho ruruha ha litokelo tsa tikoloho le ma-auliculus. Patlisiso e tlang ea nako e tlang ea Gemini e ka etsoa ka likarolo tse latelang: Ho ntlafatsa lipatlisiso tse ncha ka meaho e khethehileng le tšebetso, ka ho khetheha lipatlisiso tse matlafatsang tse mabapi le meaho e khethehileng le antiviral; ho kopanya ka li-surfactactiple tse tloaelehileng kapa li-adtings ho theha lihlahisoa ka ts'ebetso e ntle; le ho sebelisa theko e tlase le e fumanehang habonolo ho hlahisa tikoloho e botsoalle ea Gemini.
Nako: Mar-25-2022