Lihlahisoa tsa rona tsa mantlha: Amino silicone, block silicone, silicone ea hydrophilic, silicone emulsion eohle ea bona, e ntlafatsa ho kolobisa ka potlako, se thibelang metsi (Fluorine mahala, Carbon 6, Carbon 8), lik'hemik'hale tse hlatsoang demin (ABS, Enzyme, Spandex protector, Manganese remover) , Linaha tse ka sehloohong tsa kantle ho naha: India, Pakistanrkbekiiyestan, Indonesia, U.

 

Ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale, ka lebaka la mabaka a fapaneng, lerōle le litšila tse kang li-polymers, coking, oli le lerōle, sekala, sediment le lihlahisoa tse senyang li ka hlaha ka thepa le liphaephe. Tsena li ama ts'ebeliso ea lisebelisoa haholo, kahoo ho bohlokoa haholo ho hloekisa lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale.

Ho hloekisa lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale ho kenyelletsa mefuta e 'meli: ho hloekisa inthaneteng le ho hloekisa ntle le marang-rang.

 

Ho hloekisa Inthaneteng

Sebelisa tora e pholileng tsamaisong ea metsi a potolohang e le lebokose la ho noa ho eketsa lik'hemik'hale tsamaisong ea ho potoloha ha tlhaho.

Melemo: Thepa ha e hloke ho koaloa ebile ha e ame tlhahiso le tšebeliso e tloaelehileng.

Bothata: Phello ea ho hloekisa ha e ntle haholo ha e bapisoa le ho hloekisa ntle le marang-rang. Nako e telele ea ho hloekisa le likotsi tse kholo tsa kutu ho lisebelisoa.

 

Ho hlatsoa kantle ho marang-rang

E bolela mokhoa oa ho arola likarolo tse lokelang ho hloekisoa ho tloha thepa kapa liphaephe le ho li isa sebakeng se seng (e amanang le sebaka sa pele sa likarolo) bakeng sa ho hloekisa.

Ho hloekisa ntle le marang-rang ho ka aroloa ka ho hloekisa 'mele le ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale.

Ho hloekisa 'mele: Sebelisa metsi a phallang ka khatello e phahameng ho hloekisa lisebelisoa. Ho hlokahala lisebelisoa tse phahameng tsa ho hloekisa.

Ho hloekisa ka lik'hemik'hale: Ntša mochine o futhumatsang mocheso ka thoko 'me u hokele liphaephe tse kenang le tsa ho tsoa tsa metsi a potolohang koloing e hloekisang bakeng sa ho potoloha. Ho hloekisa ka lik'hemik'hale ho na le litšobotsi tse latelang:

Melemo: Ho fokotsa tekanyo ea meriana le phello e ntle ea ho hloekisa.

Mefokolo: Ho hlokahala lisebelisoa tse lumellanang, tse kang ho hloekisa likoloi kapa litanka tsa metsi, lipompo tse nang le khatello e phahameng, litlhaloso tse sa tšoaneng tsa li-valve tse kopanyang, lisebelisoa tsa welding, joalo-joalo.

 

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale: ho hlatsoa asiti le ho hlatsoa alkali.

Ho hlatsoa ka alkali: haholo-holo e sebelisetsoang ho tlosa lintho tse phelang, likokoana-hloko, matheba a oli le li-attachments tse ling ka har'a thepa, joalo ka li-rust inhibitors tse sebelisoang nakong ea ho kenya thepa. Ho hlatsuoa ka alkaline le hona ho ka ba le seabo ho hlephiseng, ho hlephisa, ho etsa emulsifying le ho hasanya matsoai a sa tsoeng ka tlhaho. Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa ho hloekisa li kenyelletsa sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, trisodium phosphate, joalo-joalo.

Ho hlatsoa asiti: haholo-holo ho tlosa ho beoa ha matsoai a inorganic, joalo ka carbonates, sulfates, silica scales, joalo-joalo Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa ho hloekisa li kenyelletsa li-organic acid tse kang hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, le hydrofluoric acid. Li-organic acid tse kang citric acid le amino sulfonic acid.

 

Ke hobane'ng ha lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale li hloekile?
1.Bohlokoa ba ho hloekisa pele u khanna

Ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale pele u khanna ho bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso le ho qoba tšusumetso ea litšila tlhahisong. Ka hona, pele lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa lik'hemik'hale li qala ho sebetsa, li tlameha ho hloekisoa pele li qala.

Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale e kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa lik'hemik'hale tse tala 'me e hloka tšebeliso ea li-catalysts. Litlhoko tsa bohloeki bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse itseng tse tala le li-catalyst li phahame haholo, kahoo ho na le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa bohloeki ba lisebelisoa le liphaephe nakong ea tlhahiso. Litšila leha e le life li ka baka chefo ea catalyst, maikutlo a mahlakoreng, esita le ho senya ts'ebetso eohle. Ho phaella moo, lisebelisoa tse ling le lisebelisoa tse ka har'a sesebelisoa li na le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ho nepahala kapa li na le maikutlo a phahameng haholo ho liphello tse senyang tsa litšila. Ka hona, ho kenella leha e le hofe ha litšila tsa mechine ho ka etsahala haholo ho senya boleng ba likarolo tse nepahetseng le ho ama tlhahiso e tloaelehileng.

2. Tlhokahalo ea ho hloekisa ka mor'a ho qala mosebetsi

Thepa ea lik'hemik'hale, ha e sebelisoa nako e telele, e ka hlahisa lerōle le kang polymer, coking, oli le litšila, sekala sa metsi, sediment le lihlahisoa tse senyang, tse amang ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale ka botebo. Ho hloekisa ka nako ea lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale ho ka lelefatsa bophelo ba ts'ebeletso, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso, ho netefatsa polokeho le ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea moruo.

Kahoo, ebang ke pele u khanna kapa ka mor’a ho sebelisa nako e itseng, thepa e lokela ho hloekisoa, e leng mosebetsi oa bohlokoa oa ho lokisa letsatsi le letsatsi.

 

Mekhoa ea ho hloekisa lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale ke efe?

Ho itokisetsa pele ho hloekisa lisebelisoa

Pele o hloekisa, likarolo tse ka har'a thepa kapa sesebelisoa tse ka senyehang habonolo le ho senyeha ho tsoa tharollong ea ho hloekisa, joalo ka li-valve tse laolang le li-flow metres, li lokela ho tlosoa, 'me mochini oa sefa (mesh) le mokokotlo oa tsela e le' ngoe li lokela ho tlosoa. ’Me mehato e kang ho eketsa liphaephe tse khutšoane tsa nakoana, liphaephe, kapa lipoleiti tse foufetseng li lokela ho nkoa ho tiisa hore ha ho na ho lutla kapa ho senyeha ha likarolo tse ling nakong ea ho hloekisa, le ho arola thepa e hloekisitsoeng ho thepa le liphaephe tse sa hloekang.

 

Mekhoa ea ho hloekisa le maemo a tshebetso

1. Mokhoa oa ho hloekisa

Ho ea ka boemo bo itseng ba lisebelisoa, ho hloekisa potoloho ea ho soaking kapa ho hloekisa spray ho ka sebelisoa.

Ha u sebelisa ho hloekisa potoloho ea metsi, ho ka amoheloa sebaka se tlase se kenang se kenang holimo, mokhoa oa ho khutla oa ammonia.

Ha o sebelisa ho hloekisa ka spray, ho ka amoheloa mokhoa oa ho kenya metsi a phahameng le a tlaase.

2.Ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa le tekanyo ea ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale ka kakaretso li kenyelletsa mokhoa oa ho lemoha khatello ea metsi (ho phalla ha metsi), ho hloekisa, ho hlatsoa metsi, ho hlatsoa acid, ho hlatsoa, ​​​​ho se nke lehlakore, passivation, tlhahlobo le phekolo ea matsoho.

Lintlha tse latelang li fana ka litlhaloso tsa ts'ebetso ka 'ngoe.

Sepheo sa ho lemoha ho lutla ha khatello ea metsi (ho phalla ha metsi) ke ho lekola boemo ba ho lutla ha lits'ebetso tsa nakoana, le ho tlosa lerōle, sediment, li-oxide tsa tšepe tse koetsoeng, li-welding slag, le litšila tse ling tse hlephileng le tse ntšoang habonolo tsamaisong.

Sepheo sa ho hloekisoa ho hloekisa ke ho tlosa matheba a oli a kang oli ea mochine, mafura a graphite, litlolo tsa oli, le oli ea mafome tsamaisong ho netefatsa hore esita le ho hlatsoa acid.

Sepheo sa ho hlatsoa metsi ka mor'a ho senya ke ho tlosa lisebelisoa tse setseng tsa ho hloekisa alkaline tsamaisong le ho tlosa litšila tse ling holim'a metsi. Tlosa ntho.

Sepheo sa ho hlatsoa asiti ke ho tlosa lintho tse qhibilihang ka lebaka la lik'hemik'hale pakeng tsa acid le metal oxides.

Sepheo sa ho hlatsoa ka metsi ka mor'a ho hlatsoa asiti ke ho tlosa tharollo ea ho hlatsoa acid e setseng le likaroloana tse tiileng tse oeleng ho tloha tsamaisong ea ho hlatsoa le ho phekola ka mokhoa o fokolang.

Sepheo sa ho hlatsoa ke ho sebelisa ammonium citrate ho chelate ka li-ion tse setseng tsa tšepe tsamaisong le ho tlosa mafome a phaphametseng a thehiloeng nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho hlatsoa metsi, ho fokotsa kakaretso ea ione ea tšepe tsamaisong le ho netefatsa phello e latelang ea passivation.

Sepheo sa neutralization le passivation ke ho tlosa tharollo ea masala a acid, ha passivation e le ho thibela bokaholimo ba tšepe bo boemong bo sebetsang ka mor'a ho hlatsuoa ha acid ho tloha ho oxidizing le ho hlahisa mafome a phaphametseng.

 

Ho hloekisa ka mor'a ho qala mosebetsi

Lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tse 'nileng tsa sebetsa ka lilemo tse 1-2 kapa ho feta hangata li khomarela sekala sa iron oxide kapa tšepe e nang le sekala. Sekala sa koporo se na le oxide ea koporo (CuO), carbonate ea motheo ea koporo [Cu2 (OH) 2CO3], le koporo ea tšepe.

Rust scale ka kakaretso e ka tlosoa ka ho hlatsoa asiti. Mokhoa le mehato ea ho hlatsoa acid ha e le hantle e tšoana le mokhoa oa ho hloekisa lisebelisoa pele o qala mosebetsi.

Ha karolo ea koporo e litšila e phahame, e ke ke ea tlosoa ka ho hlatsoa asiti feela. Hoa hlokahala ho tlosa karolo ea koporo ka metsi a ammonia pele ho hlatsoa acid.

Likala tsa koporo le tsa koporo tsa oxide hangata li theha li-attachments tse nang le li-attachments tse nang le li-oxide tsa tšepe, tseo ho leng thata ho li hloekisa 'me li lokela ho hloekisoa pele ho thehoa li-attachments tse nang le layered.

 

Joang ho hloekisa mocheso oa mocheso?

Ho hloekisoa ha lihlahisoa tsa mocheso ka kakaretso ho arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: ho hloekisa ka mechine le ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale.

 

Ho hloekisa ka mechine

Mokhoa oa ho hloekisa ka mechine o itšetlehile ka ho phalla ha mokelikeli kapa ketso ea mochine ho fana ka matla a maholo ho feta matla a ho khomarela a litšila, ho etsa hore litšila li tsoe sebakeng sa phapanyetsano ea mocheso.

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea mekhoa ea ho hloekisa ka mechine: e' ngoe ke mokhoa o matla oa ho hloekisa, o kang ho hloekisa metsi, ho hloekisa spray ea mouoane, ho hloekisa lehlabathe, ho fokotsa sekhahla kapa ho phunya, joalo-joalo; Mofuta o mong ke oa ho hloekisa ka mokhoa o bonolo, joalo ka ho hloekisa borashe ba terata le ho hloekisa bolo ea rabara. Ka tlase ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea mekhoa:

Ho hloekisoa ha spray ke mokhoa oa ho theola o sebelisa ho fafatsa metsi ka khatello e phahameng kapa tšusumetso ea mochini. Ha u sebelisa mokhoa ona, khatello ea metsi hangata ke 20 ~ 50MPa. Hona joale ho boetse ho na le likhatello tse phahameng tsa 50-70Mpa tse sebelisoang.

Ho hloekisoa ha spray, ho ts'oanang ka moralo le ts'ebetsong ea ho fafatsa ho hloekisa, ke sesebelisoa se fafatsang mouoane ka har'a tube le mahlakoreng a khetla a mochini o futhumatsang mocheso ho tlosa litšila ka tšusumetso le mocheso.

Ho hloekisa lehlabathe ke mokhoa oa ho sebelisa moea o hatelitsoeng (300-350kPa) ka sethunya sa spray ho hlahisa lebelo le matla la mola o matla holim'a lehlabathe la quartz le sirelelitsoeng (hangata le boholo ba karoloana ea 3-5mm), le phunyang lebota le ka hare la mocheso oa mocheso, ho tlosa litšila, le ho tsosolosa litšobotsi tsa pele tsa mocheso oa mocheso.

Scraper kapa drill bit descaling, mochini ona oa ho hloekisa o loketse feela ho hloekisa litšila ka har'a liphaephe kapa li-cylinders. Kenya scraper kapa drill bit ka holim'a shaft e feto-fetohang e potolohang, 'me u potolose sekoti kapa sebota ka moea o hatelitsoeng kapa motlakase (hape u sebelisa metsi kapa mouoane).

Ho hloekisoa ha bolo ea rabara ho etsoa ka mochini o hloekisang lithunya. Sesebelisoa se hloekisang ho thunya se entsoe ka bolo ea seponche le sethunya sa spray sa mokelikeli se sutumelletsang bolo ka hare ho phala hore e hloekisoe. bolo e bōpehile joaloka khetla 'me e ntšoa ho tloha seponcheng se thata sa foam polyurethane, se rekere.

 

Ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale

Mokhoa oa ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale o kenyelletsa ho eketsa lisebelisoa tse theolelang, li-acids, li-enzyme, joalo-joalo ho mokelikeli ho fokotsa ho khomarela pakeng tsa litšila le sebaka sa phapanyetsano ea mocheso, ho etsa hore e fokotsehe sebakeng sa phapanyetsano ea mocheso.

Mekhoa ea hajoale ea ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale e sebelisoang ke:

Mokhoa oa ho potoloha: Sebelisa pompo ho qobella tharollo ea ho hloekisa ho potoloha bakeng sa ho hloekisa.

Mokhoa oa ho qoelisa: Tlatsa thepa ka tharollo ea ho hloekisa 'me u e tlohelle e eme nako e itseng.

Mokhoa oa ho phunya: Tlatsa lisebelisoa ka tharollo ea ho hloekisa, ntša karolo ea tharollo ea ho hloekisa ho tloha ka tlaase ka nako e tloaelehileng, ebe u khutlisetsa mokelikeli o ntšitsoeng ka har'a thepa ho finyella morero oa ho sisinyeha le ho hloekisa.

 

Joang ho hloekisa kettle karabelo?

Ho na le mekhoa e meraro ea mantlha ea ho hloekisa likepe tse arabelang: ho hloekisa ka mochini, ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale le ho hloekisa ka letsoho.

 

Ho hloekisa ka mechine

Ho hloekisa ka mechine: Ho sebelisa sesebelisoa sa ho hloekisa ka khatello e phahameng, ho phalla ha metsi ka khatello e phahameng ho sebelisoa ho phalla ka har'a molomo, ho senya sekhahla se thata leboteng le ka hare la sekepe sa ho itšoara le bokaholimo ba moferefere, ho e ebola ka ho feletseng le ho e tlosa.

Molao-motheo oa ho hloekisa jete ea metsi ka khatello e phahameng ke ho hatella metsi khatellong e phahameng, ebe o e lokolla ka molomo o kentsoeng robotong ea ho hloekisa e kenngoa ka kettle. Khatello e ka fetoloa matla a kinetic a phallo ea metsi, a ka amang litšila tsa lebota ho fihlela litlamorao tsa ho hloekisa le ho tlosa.
Ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale

Taba ea pele, hoa hlokahala ho tseba sebopeho sa sampole ea sekala ka har'a sesebelisoa sa reactor, haholo-holo ka lisampole le tlhahlobo. Ka mor'a ho khetholla sebopeho sa litšila, etsa liteko pele, khetha li-agents tsa ho hloekisa, 'me u netefatse ka liteko hore li ke ke tsa baka kutu ho thepa ea tšepe. Ka mor'a moo, mochine oa nakoana oa ho potoloha o thehoa setšeng ho potoloha tharollo ea ho hloekisa ka har'a thepa le ho hlatsoa litšila.

Ntlha ea pele, hlatsoa lehare la motsoako le lebota le ka hare la ketlele ka metsi a lekaneng, 'me u li tšolle ka ho feletseng.

Hlakola seketsoana sa metsi ka solvent ka sesebelisoa se hatelitsoeng.

Haeba phello ea ho hloekisa e sa finyelloe, eketsa tekanyo e loketseng ea solvent ho kettle ea karabelo, futhumatsa, hlohlelletsa le reflux ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ho hloekisa li finyelloa, ebe u lokolla solvent.

Qetellong, hlatsoa lerako le ka hare la sejana sa karabelo ka tekanyo e itseng ea solvent ebe u e lokolla.

Ho kena ka ketleleng le ho hloekisa ka letsoho

Theko e tlase ke molemo oa eona o moholo, empa e hloka lihora tse 'maloa tsa moea le phapanyetsano ea moea pele e kena ka har'a mochini. Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho hloekisa, motsoako oa oksijene ka har'a mochine o lokela ho hlahlojoa ka linako tsohle, e leng ho behang kotsi ea ho haelloa ke oksijene; Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho phunya ka letsoho ha ho hlolehe feela ho hloekisa ka ho feletseng, empa hape ho baka matšoao a thellang leboteng le ka hare la sejana sa karabelo, e leng se lebisang ho khomarela ho eketsehileng ha masala. Ho hloekisa ketlele le hona ho ka baka litaba tsa bohloeki ka sehlahisoa. Ka kakaretso, ho hloekisa ketlele ho nka halofo ea letsatsi ho isa ho letsatsi.

E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea mekhoa e meraro e na le melemo le mathata a eona:

Ho hloekisoa ha mechine ha ho senye lisebelisoa 'me ho ka hloekisa sekala se thata, empa ho nka nako e telele' me ho hloka matla a phahameng a mosebetsi;

Ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale ho hloka mosebetsi o fokolang, ho na le nako e khutšoanyane ea ho hloekisa, le ho hloekisa ka botlalo, empa ho ka 'na ha etsa hore lisebelisoa li senyehe;

Ho kenya ketlele ka letsoho bakeng sa ho hloekisa ho theko e tlaase, empa ho na le boemo bo phahameng ba kotsi 'me e ke ke ea hloekisoa ka ho feletseng.

Ka hona, ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale ho sebelisoa maemong a sebetsang moo mobu o leng bonolo ebile o le mosesaane, ha ho hloekisoa ha mechine ho sebelisoa maemong a sebetsang moo litšila li leng thata le tse teteaneng.