Lihlahisoa tsa rona tsa mantlha: Amino silicone, block silicone, silicone ea hydrophilic, silicone emulsion eohle ea bona, e ntlafatsa ho kolobisa ka potlako, se thibelang metsi (Fluorine mahala, Carbon 6, Carbon 8), lik'hemik'hale tse hlatsoang demin (ABS, Enzyme, Spandex protector, Manganese remover) , Linaha tse ka sehloohong tsa kantle ho naha: India, Pakistanrkbekiiyestan, Indonesia, U.

 

Tšusumetso ea ho hlatsoa li-surfactants ke tšobotsi ea mantlha e fanang ka li-surfactants ts'ebeliso e kholo ka ho fetisisa. E ama bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi ba malapa a likete. 'Me e boetse e sebelisoa ka ho eketsehileng liindastering tse sa tšoaneng le tlhahiso ea indasteri.

Ho hloekisa ka mokhoa o omileng ke mokhoa oa ho hlatsoa ka li-solvents, tse sebelisang ho qhibiliha ha li-solvents le ho qhibiliha ha li-surfactants ho tlosa litšila holim'a masela. Molemo oa eona ke hore o ka thibela shrinkage e ke keng ea qojoa ea masela a boea le a silika a bakoang ke ho hlatsoa, ​​​​hammoho le deformation le matsoho a fosahetseng a liaparo.

 

Litšila tse maselang li ka aroloa ka mefuta e meraro: e qhibilihang ka oli, e qhibilihang ka metsing, 'me ka bobeli e sa qhibilihe ka oli le metsing.

Litšila tse qhibilihang ka oli li ka tlosoa ka ho toba ka li-solvents. Lintho tse hlapollang tse ka sebelisoang ho hlatsoa haholo-holo ke li-hydrocarbon tsa petroleum tse bobebe, haholo-holo tse entsoeng ka li-aliphatic hydrocarbons tse kang 1,3-diethylcyclohexane, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, le 1,2,4-trimethylphenylaromatic hydrocarbons. Ho phaella moo, ho boetse ho na le carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, tetrachlorethylene, joalo-joalo.

E le ho tlosa litšila ka ho qhibiliha ha metsi hantle kapa hydrophilicity e matla, metsi a fokolang le li-surfactants li hloka ho kenngoa tsamaisong. Ho eketsoa ha li-surfactants ho ka thibela ho beoa bocha ha litšila tse tiileng ka har'a solvent. The hasanya botsitso le ho fanyeha litšila ka mecha ea litaba manyolo ha e sa itšetleha ka repulsion electrostatic pakeng tsa likaroloana, empa ka 'na ikemiselitse ka adsorption ea surfactants ka segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo-mokelikeli.

Li-surfactants tsa organic media li adsorp holim'a libaka tse tiileng joalo ka lihlopha tsa polar, tse nang le liketane tsa lipophilic hydrocarbon tse shebaneng le boemo ba adsorption ea lihlapolli tsa lintho tse phelang 'me li ipapisitse le sebopeho sa mokelikeli o tiileng. Sena se ka theha filimi ea solvation ea liketane tsa carbon hydrogen ka holim'a litšila tse tiileng, ho theha mokoallo oa matla bakeng sa tšitiso ea sebaka le ho thibela ho bokella kapa ho beha litšila holim'a lesela. Ho ba teng ha palo e nyane ea metsi ho ka baka hydration ea likaroloana le masela a masela, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho bona ho sebelisana le lihlopha tsa polar tsa li-surfactants, tse molemo bakeng sa ho ata ha li-surfactants holim'a libaka tse tiileng (haholo-holo ka kakaretso libaka tsa polar). Sena se molemo bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa katleho ea ho hlatsoa. Ho feta moo, ha li-surfactants li etsa li-micelles tse ka morao ho li-solvents, metsi a fokolang le litšila tsa eona tse qhibilihang metsing hangata li qhibiliha ka har'a li-micelles tse ka morao ka nako e le 'ngoe.

 

Li-surfactants tse sebelisetsoang ho hloekisa ka mokhoa o omileng li lokela ho finyella maemo a latelang:

① E lokela ho khona ho qhibiliha ka ho hlatsoa lihlapolli le ho etsa li-micelles tse ka morao, 'me e be le bokhoni bo lekaneng ba ho eketsa metsi a qhibilihisang E ka qhala litšila tse tiileng le ho fana ka botsitso bo botle ba ho fanyeha ka har'a metsoako ea lintho tse phelang;
③ Phatlalatso e tlase ea masala holim'a liaparo le lits'ila;
④ Ha ho na monko, ha ho litlamorao tse mpe ho hlatsoetsoang liaparo, ha ho na ho bola litšepe, jj.

Li-surfactants tse sebelisetsoang ho hloekisa ka mokhoa o omileng li lokela ho qhibiliha habonolo mecheng ea lintho tse phelang.

 

Tse sebelisoang hangata li kenyelletsa:

① Li-surfactants tsa anionic tse kang petroleum sulfonate, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate (kapa letsoai la amine), le sodium succinate sulfonate;

② Li-surfactants tse seng tsa ionic tse kang polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenols, polyoxyethylene alkyl amides, joalo-joalo.